ETH Price: $2,001.30 (-2.92%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
17454826 at Jun-11-2023 05:33:59 AM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.001478178165485168 ETH $2.96
Gas Used:
86,576 Gas / 17.073763693 Gwei

Emitted Events:

206 ERC1967Proxy.0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef( 0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef, 0x000000000000000000000000ca74f404e0c7bfa35b13b511097df966d5a65597, 0x0000000000000000000000005427fefa711eff984124bfbb1ab6fbf5e3da1820, 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000033370f56655a4d353e03 )
207 Bridge.Send( transferId=E27F8B8E0EBB3F8C26571C5FB1B3B88858465E700F0DDBA9CE84E7C0CCB4B79A, sender=[Sender] 0xca74f404e0c7bfa35b13b511097df966d5a65597, receiver=[Sender] 0xca74f404e0c7bfa35b13b511097df966d5a65597, token=ERC1967Proxy, amount=241856366732603014069763, dstChainId=137, nonce=1686461636896, maxSlippage=4382 )

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
0x431D5dfF...66eF37BDB
0x5427FEFA...5E3DA1820
(Celer Network: cBridge V2)
(Fee Recipient: 0xC42...7e3)
0.57883482571806947 Eth0.57890365363806947 Eth0.00006882792
0xcA74F404...6D5a65597
85.503687955510033334 Eth
Nonce: 9969
85.502209777344548166 Eth
Nonce: 9970
0.001478178165485168

Execution Trace

Bridge.send( _receiver=0xcA74F404E0C7bfA35B13B511097df966D5a65597, _token=0x431D5dfF03120AFA4bDf332c61A6e1766eF37BDB, _amount=241856366732603014069763, _dstChainId=137, _nonce=1686461636896, _maxSlippage=4382 )
  • ERC1967Proxy.23b872dd( )
    • FiatTokenV1.transferFrom( from=0xcA74F404E0C7bfA35B13B511097df966D5a65597, to=0x5427FEFA711Eff984124bFBB1AB6fbf5E3DA1820, value=241856366732603014069763 ) => ( True )
      File 1 of 3: Bridge
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      import "../utils/Context.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
       * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
       * specific functions.
       *
       * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
       * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
       *
       * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
       * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
       * the owner.
       */
      abstract contract Ownable is Context {
          address private _owner;
          event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
          /**
           * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
           */
          constructor() {
              _setOwner(_msgSender());
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
           */
          function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
              return _owner;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
           */
          modifier onlyOwner() {
              require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
           * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
           *
           * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
           * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
           */
          function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
              _setOwner(address(0));
          }
          /**
           * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
           * Can only be called by the current owner.
           */
          function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
              require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
              _setOwner(newOwner);
          }
          function _setOwner(address newOwner) private {
              address oldOwner = _owner;
              _owner = newOwner;
              emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      import "../utils/Context.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Contract module which allows children to implement an emergency stop
       * mechanism that can be triggered by an authorized account.
       *
       * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the
       * modifiers `whenNotPaused` and `whenPaused`, which can be applied to
       * the functions of your contract. Note that they will not be pausable by
       * simply including this module, only once the modifiers are put in place.
       */
      abstract contract Pausable is Context {
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the pause is triggered by `account`.
           */
          event Paused(address account);
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the pause is lifted by `account`.
           */
          event Unpaused(address account);
          bool private _paused;
          /**
           * @dev Initializes the contract in unpaused state.
           */
          constructor() {
              _paused = false;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns true if the contract is paused, and false otherwise.
           */
          function paused() public view virtual returns (bool) {
              return _paused;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - The contract must not be paused.
           */
          modifier whenNotPaused() {
              require(!paused(), "Pausable: paused");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is paused.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - The contract must be paused.
           */
          modifier whenPaused() {
              require(paused(), "Pausable: not paused");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Triggers stopped state.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - The contract must not be paused.
           */
          function _pause() internal virtual whenNotPaused {
              _paused = true;
              emit Paused(_msgSender());
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns to normal state.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - The contract must be paused.
           */
          function _unpause() internal virtual whenPaused {
              _paused = false;
              emit Unpaused(_msgSender());
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      /**
       * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
       *
       * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
       * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
       * (reentrant) calls to them.
       *
       * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
       * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
       * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
       * points to them.
       *
       * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
       * to protect against it, check out our blog post
       * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
       */
      abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
          // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
          // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
          // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
          // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
          // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.
          // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
          // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
          // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
          // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
          // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
          uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
          uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;
          uint256 private _status;
          constructor() {
              _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
           * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
           * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
           * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and make it call a
           * `private` function that does the actual work.
           */
          modifier nonReentrant() {
              // On the first call to nonReentrant, _notEntered will be true
              require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");
              // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
              _status = _ENTERED;
              _;
              // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
              // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
              _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      /**
       * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
       */
      interface IERC20 {
          /**
           * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
           */
          function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
           */
          function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * Emits a {Transfer} event.
           */
          function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
           * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
           * zero by default.
           *
           * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
           */
          function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
           * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
           * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
           * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
           * desired value afterwards:
           * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
           *
           * Emits an {Approval} event.
           */
          function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
           * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
           * allowance.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * Emits a {Transfer} event.
           */
          function transferFrom(
              address sender,
              address recipient,
              uint256 amount
          ) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
           * another (`to`).
           *
           * Note that `value` may be zero.
           */
          event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
           * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
           */
          event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      import "../IERC20.sol";
      import "../../../utils/Address.sol";
      /**
       * @title SafeERC20
       * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
       * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
       * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
       * successful.
       * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
       * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
       */
      library SafeERC20 {
          using Address for address;
          function safeTransfer(
              IERC20 token,
              address to,
              uint256 value
          ) internal {
              _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
          }
          function safeTransferFrom(
              IERC20 token,
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value
          ) internal {
              _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
          }
          /**
           * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
           * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
           *
           * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
           * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
           */
          function safeApprove(
              IERC20 token,
              address spender,
              uint256 value
          ) internal {
              // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
              // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
              // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
              require(
                  (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
                  "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
              );
              _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
          }
          function safeIncreaseAllowance(
              IERC20 token,
              address spender,
              uint256 value
          ) internal {
              uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
              _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
          }
          function safeDecreaseAllowance(
              IERC20 token,
              address spender,
              uint256 value
          ) internal {
              unchecked {
                  uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
                  require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
                  uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
                  _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
           * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
           * @param token The token targeted by the call.
           * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
           */
          function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
              // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
              // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address.functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
              // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.
              bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
              if (returndata.length > 0) {
                  // Return data is optional
                  require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
              }
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      /**
       * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
       */
      library Address {
          /**
           * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
           *
           * [IMPORTANT]
           * ====
           * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
           * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
           *
           * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
           * types of addresses:
           *
           *  - an externally-owned account
           *  - a contract in construction
           *  - an address where a contract will be created
           *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
           * ====
           */
          function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
              // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
              // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
              // constructor execution.
              uint256 size;
              assembly {
                  size := extcodesize(account)
              }
              return size > 0;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
           * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
           *
           * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
           * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
           * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
           * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
           *
           * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
           *
           * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
           * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
           * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
           * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
           */
          function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
              require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
              (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
              require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
           * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
           * function instead.
           *
           * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
           * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
           *
           * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
           * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - `target` must be a contract.
           * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
           * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
           * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
           * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
              require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
              return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
              return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
              return _verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          function _verifyCallResult(
              bool success,
              bytes memory returndata,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) private pure returns (bytes memory) {
              if (success) {
                  return returndata;
              } else {
                  // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                  if (returndata.length > 0) {
                      // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                      assembly {
                          let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                          revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                      }
                  } else {
                      revert(errorMessage);
                  }
              }
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      /*
       * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
       * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
       * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
       * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
       * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
       * is concerned).
       *
       * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
       */
      abstract contract Context {
          function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
              return msg.sender;
          }
          function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
              return msg.data;
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
      /**
       * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
       *
       * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
       * of the private keys of a given address.
       */
      library ECDSA {
          /**
           * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
           * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
           *
           * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
           * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
           * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
           * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
           * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
           * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
           * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
           *
           * Documentation for signature generation:
           * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
           * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
           */
          function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
              // Check the signature length
              // - case 65: r,s,v signature (standard)
              // - case 64: r,vs signature (cf https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) _Available since v4.1._
              if (signature.length == 65) {
                  bytes32 r;
                  bytes32 s;
                  uint8 v;
                  // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
                  // currently is to use assembly.
                  assembly {
                      r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                      s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                      v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
                  }
                  return recover(hash, v, r, s);
              } else if (signature.length == 64) {
                  bytes32 r;
                  bytes32 vs;
                  // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
                  // currently is to use assembly.
                  assembly {
                      r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                      vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                  }
                  return recover(hash, r, vs);
              } else {
                  revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
           *
           * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
           *
           * _Available since v4.2._
           */
          function recover(
              bytes32 hash,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 vs
          ) internal pure returns (address) {
              bytes32 s;
              uint8 v;
              assembly {
                  s := and(vs, 0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                  v := add(shr(255, vs), 27)
              }
              return recover(hash, v, r, s);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`, `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
           */
          function recover(
              bytes32 hash,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal pure returns (address) {
              // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
              // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
              // the valid range for s in (281): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (282): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
              // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
              //
              // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
              // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
              // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
              // these malleable signatures as well.
              require(
                  uint256(s) <= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0,
                  "ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value"
              );
              require(v == 27 || v == 28, "ECDSA: invalid signature 'v' value");
              // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
              address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
              require(signer != address(0), "ECDSA: invalid signature");
              return signer;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
           * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
           * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
           * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
           *
           * See {recover}.
           */
          function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
              // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
              // enforced by the type signature above
              return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\
      32", hash));
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
           * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
           * to the one signed with the
           * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
           * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
           *
           * See {recover}.
           */
          function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
              return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\\x19\\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
      import "./libraries/PbBridge.sol";
      import "./Pool.sol";
      contract Bridge is Pool {
          using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
          // liquidity events
          event Send(
              bytes32 transferId,
              address sender,
              address receiver,
              address token,
              uint256 amount,
              uint64 dstChainId,
              uint64 nonce,
              uint32 maxSlippage
          );
          event Relay(
              bytes32 transferId,
              address sender,
              address receiver,
              address token,
              uint256 amount,
              uint64 srcChainId,
              bytes32 srcTransferId
          );
          // gov events
          event MinSendUpdated(address token, uint256 amount);
          event MaxSendUpdated(address token, uint256 amount);
          mapping(bytes32 => bool) public transfers;
          mapping(address => uint256) public minSend; // send _amount must > minSend
          mapping(address => uint256) public maxSend;
          // min allowed max slippage uint32 value is slippage * 1M, eg. 0.5% -> 5000
          uint32 public minimalMaxSlippage;
          function send(
              address _receiver,
              address _token,
              uint256 _amount,
              uint64 _dstChainId,
              uint64 _nonce,
              uint32 _maxSlippage // slippage * 1M, eg. 0.5% -> 5000
          ) external nonReentrant whenNotPaused {
              bytes32 transferId = _send(_receiver, _token, _amount, _dstChainId, _nonce, _maxSlippage);
              IERC20(_token).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _amount);
              emit Send(transferId, msg.sender, _receiver, _token, _amount, _dstChainId, _nonce, _maxSlippage);
          }
          function sendNative(
              address _receiver,
              uint256 _amount,
              uint64 _dstChainId,
              uint64 _nonce,
              uint32 _maxSlippage
          ) external payable nonReentrant whenNotPaused {
              require(msg.value == _amount, "Amount mismatch");
              require(nativeWrap != address(0), "Native wrap not set");
              bytes32 transferId = _send(_receiver, nativeWrap, _amount, _dstChainId, _nonce, _maxSlippage);
              IWETH(nativeWrap).deposit{value: _amount}();
              emit Send(transferId, msg.sender, _receiver, nativeWrap, _amount, _dstChainId, _nonce, _maxSlippage);
          }
          function _send(
              address _receiver,
              address _token,
              uint256 _amount,
              uint64 _dstChainId,
              uint64 _nonce,
              uint32 _maxSlippage
          ) private returns (bytes32) {
              require(_amount > minSend[_token], "amount too small");
              require(maxSend[_token] == 0 || _amount <= maxSend[_token], "amount too large");
              require(_maxSlippage > minimalMaxSlippage, "max slippage too small");
              bytes32 transferId = keccak256(
                  // uint64(block.chainid) for consistency as entire system uses uint64 for chain id
                  abi.encodePacked(msg.sender, _receiver, _token, _amount, _dstChainId, _nonce, uint64(block.chainid))
              );
              require(transfers[transferId] == false, "transfer exists");
              transfers[transferId] = true;
              return transferId;
          }
          function relay(
              bytes calldata _relayRequest,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _signers,
              uint256[] calldata _powers
          ) external whenNotPaused {
              bytes32 domain = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.chainid, address(this), "Relay"));
              verifySigs(abi.encodePacked(domain, _relayRequest), _sigs, _signers, _powers);
              PbBridge.Relay memory request = PbBridge.decRelay(_relayRequest);
              bytes32 transferId = keccak256(
                  abi.encodePacked(
                      request.sender,
                      request.receiver,
                      request.token,
                      request.amount,
                      request.srcChainId,
                      request.dstChainId,
                      request.srcTransferId
                  )
              );
              require(transfers[transferId] == false, "transfer exists");
              transfers[transferId] = true;
              _updateVolume(request.token, request.amount);
              uint256 delayThreshold = delayThresholds[request.token];
              if (delayThreshold > 0 && request.amount > delayThreshold) {
                  _addDelayedTransfer(transferId, request.receiver, request.token, request.amount);
              } else {
                  _sendToken(request.receiver, request.token, request.amount);
              }
              emit Relay(
                  transferId,
                  request.sender,
                  request.receiver,
                  request.token,
                  request.amount,
                  request.srcChainId,
                  request.srcTransferId
              );
          }
          function setMinSend(address[] calldata _tokens, uint256[] calldata _amounts) external onlyGovernor {
              require(_tokens.length == _amounts.length, "length mismatch");
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _tokens.length; i++) {
                  minSend[_tokens[i]] = _amounts[i];
                  emit MinSendUpdated(_tokens[i], _amounts[i]);
              }
          }
          function setMaxSend(address[] calldata _tokens, uint256[] calldata _amounts) external onlyGovernor {
              require(_tokens.length == _amounts.length, "length mismatch");
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _tokens.length; i++) {
                  maxSend[_tokens[i]] = _amounts[i];
                  emit MaxSendUpdated(_tokens[i], _amounts[i]);
              }
          }
          function setMinimalMaxSlippage(uint32 _minimalMaxSlippage) external onlyGovernor {
              minimalMaxSlippage = _minimalMaxSlippage;
          }
          // This is needed to receive ETH when calling `IWETH.withdraw`
          receive() external payable {}
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
      import "./interfaces/IWETH.sol";
      import "./libraries/PbPool.sol";
      import "./safeguard/Pauser.sol";
      import "./safeguard/VolumeControl.sol";
      import "./safeguard/DelayedTransfer.sol";
      import "./Signers.sol";
      // add liquidity and withdraw
      // withdraw can be used by user or liquidity provider
      contract Pool is Signers, ReentrancyGuard, Pauser, VolumeControl, DelayedTransfer {
          using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
          uint64 public addseq; // ensure unique LiquidityAdded event, start from 1
          mapping(address => uint256) public minAdd; // add _amount must > minAdd
          // map of successful withdraws, if true means already withdrew money or added to delayedTransfers
          mapping(bytes32 => bool) public withdraws;
          // erc20 wrap of gas token of this chain, eg. WETH, when relay ie. pay out,
          // if request.token equals this, will withdraw and send native token to receiver
          // note we don't check whether it's zero address. when this isn't set, and request.token
          // is all 0 address, guarantee fail
          address public nativeWrap;
          // liquidity events
          event LiquidityAdded(
              uint64 seqnum,
              address provider,
              address token,
              uint256 amount // how many tokens were added
          );
          event WithdrawDone(
              bytes32 withdrawId,
              uint64 seqnum,
              address receiver,
              address token,
              uint256 amount,
              bytes32 refid
          );
          event MinAddUpdated(address token, uint256 amount);
          function addLiquidity(address _token, uint256 _amount) external nonReentrant whenNotPaused {
              require(_amount > minAdd[_token], "amount too small");
              addseq += 1;
              IERC20(_token).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), _amount);
              emit LiquidityAdded(addseq, msg.sender, _token, _amount);
          }
          function addNativeLiquidity(uint256 _amount) external payable nonReentrant whenNotPaused {
              require(msg.value == _amount, "Amount mismatch");
              require(nativeWrap != address(0), "Native wrap not set");
              require(_amount > minAdd[nativeWrap], "amount too small");
              addseq += 1;
              IWETH(nativeWrap).deposit{value: _amount}();
              emit LiquidityAdded(addseq, msg.sender, nativeWrap, _amount);
          }
          function withdraw(
              bytes calldata _wdmsg,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _signers,
              uint256[] calldata _powers
          ) external whenNotPaused {
              bytes32 domain = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.chainid, address(this), "WithdrawMsg"));
              verifySigs(abi.encodePacked(domain, _wdmsg), _sigs, _signers, _powers);
              // decode and check wdmsg
              PbPool.WithdrawMsg memory wdmsg = PbPool.decWithdrawMsg(_wdmsg);
              bytes32 wdId = keccak256(
                  abi.encodePacked(wdmsg.chainid, wdmsg.seqnum, wdmsg.receiver, wdmsg.token, wdmsg.amount)
              );
              require(withdraws[wdId] == false, "withdraw already succeeded");
              withdraws[wdId] = true;
              _updateVolume(wdmsg.token, wdmsg.amount);
              uint256 delayThreshold = delayThresholds[wdmsg.token];
              if (delayThreshold > 0 && wdmsg.amount > delayThreshold) {
                  _addDelayedTransfer(wdId, wdmsg.receiver, wdmsg.token, wdmsg.amount);
              } else {
                  _sendToken(wdmsg.receiver, wdmsg.token, wdmsg.amount);
              }
              emit WithdrawDone(wdId, wdmsg.seqnum, wdmsg.receiver, wdmsg.token, wdmsg.amount, wdmsg.refid);
          }
          function executeDelayedTransfer(bytes32 id) external whenNotPaused {
              delayedTransfer memory transfer = _executeDelayedTransfer(id);
              _sendToken(transfer.receiver, transfer.token, transfer.amount);
          }
          function setMinAdd(address[] calldata _tokens, uint256[] calldata _amounts) external onlyGovernor {
              require(_tokens.length == _amounts.length, "length mismatch");
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _tokens.length; i++) {
                  minAdd[_tokens[i]] = _amounts[i];
                  emit MinAddUpdated(_tokens[i], _amounts[i]);
              }
          }
          function _sendToken(
              address _receiver,
              address _token,
              uint256 _amount
          ) internal {
              if (_token == nativeWrap) {
                  // withdraw then transfer native to receiver
                  IWETH(nativeWrap).withdraw(_amount);
                  (bool sent, ) = _receiver.call{value: _amount, gas: 50000}("");
                  require(sent, "failed to send native token");
              } else {
                  IERC20(_token).safeTransfer(_receiver, _amount);
              }
          }
          // set nativeWrap, for relay requests, if token == nativeWrap, will withdraw first then transfer native to receiver
          function setWrap(address _weth) external onlyOwner {
              nativeWrap = _weth;
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
      import "./interfaces/ISigsVerifier.sol";
      contract Signers is Ownable, ISigsVerifier {
          using ECDSA for bytes32;
          bytes32 public ssHash;
          uint256 public triggerTime; // timestamp when last update was triggered
          // reset can be called by the owner address for emergency recovery
          uint256 public resetTime;
          uint256 public noticePeriod; // advance notice period as seconds for reset
          uint256 constant MAX_INT = 2**256 - 1;
          event SignersUpdated(address[] _signers, uint256[] _powers);
          event ResetNotification(uint256 resetTime);
          /**
           * @notice Verifies that a message is signed by a quorum among the signers
           * The sigs must be sorted by signer addresses in ascending order.
           * @param _msg signed message
           * @param _sigs list of signatures sorted by signer addresses
           * @param _signers sorted list of current signers
           * @param _powers powers of current signers
           */
          function verifySigs(
              bytes memory _msg,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _signers,
              uint256[] calldata _powers
          ) public view override {
              bytes32 h = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_signers, _powers));
              require(ssHash == h, "Mismatch current signers");
              _verifySignedPowers(keccak256(_msg).toEthSignedMessageHash(), _sigs, _signers, _powers);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Update new signers.
           * @param _newSigners sorted list of new signers
           * @param _curPowers powers of new signers
           * @param _sigs list of signatures sorted by signer addresses
           * @param _curSigners sorted list of current signers
           * @param _curPowers powers of current signers
           */
          function updateSigners(
              uint256 _triggerTime,
              address[] calldata _newSigners,
              uint256[] calldata _newPowers,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _curSigners,
              uint256[] calldata _curPowers
          ) external {
              // use trigger time for nonce protection, must be ascending
              require(_triggerTime > triggerTime, "Trigger time is not increasing");
              // make sure triggerTime is not too large, as it cannot be decreased once set
              require(_triggerTime < block.timestamp + 3600, "Trigger time is too large");
              bytes32 domain = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(block.chainid, address(this), "UpdateSigners"));
              verifySigs(abi.encodePacked(domain, _triggerTime, _newSigners, _newPowers), _sigs, _curSigners, _curPowers);
              _updateSigners(_newSigners, _newPowers);
              triggerTime = _triggerTime;
          }
          /**
           * @notice reset signers, only used for init setup and emergency recovery
           */
          function resetSigners(address[] calldata _signers, uint256[] calldata _powers) external onlyOwner {
              require(block.timestamp > resetTime, "not reach reset time");
              resetTime = MAX_INT;
              _updateSigners(_signers, _powers);
          }
          function notifyResetSigners() external onlyOwner {
              resetTime = block.timestamp + noticePeriod;
              emit ResetNotification(resetTime);
          }
          function increaseNoticePeriod(uint256 period) external onlyOwner {
              require(period > noticePeriod, "notice period can only be increased");
              noticePeriod = period;
          }
          // separate from verifySigs func to avoid "stack too deep" issue
          function _verifySignedPowers(
              bytes32 _hash,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _signers,
              uint256[] calldata _powers
          ) private pure {
              require(_signers.length == _powers.length, "signers and powers length not match");
              uint256 totalPower; // sum of all signer.power
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _signers.length; i++) {
                  totalPower += _powers[i];
              }
              uint256 quorum = (totalPower * 2) / 3 + 1;
              uint256 signedPower; // sum of signer powers who are in sigs
              address prev = address(0);
              uint256 index = 0;
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _sigs.length; i++) {
                  address signer = _hash.recover(_sigs[i]);
                  require(signer > prev, "signers not in ascending order");
                  prev = signer;
                  // now find match signer add its power
                  while (signer > _signers[index]) {
                      index += 1;
                      require(index < _signers.length, "signer not found");
                  }
                  if (signer == _signers[index]) {
                      signedPower += _powers[index];
                  }
                  if (signedPower >= quorum) {
                      // return early to save gas
                      return;
                  }
              }
              revert("quorum not reached");
          }
          function _updateSigners(address[] calldata _signers, uint256[] calldata _powers) private {
              require(_signers.length == _powers.length, "signers and powers length not match");
              address prev = address(0);
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _signers.length; i++) {
                  require(_signers[i] > prev, "New signers not in ascending order");
                  prev = _signers[i];
              }
              ssHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_signers, _powers));
              emit SignersUpdated(_signers, _powers);
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      interface ISigsVerifier {
          /**
           * @notice Verifies that a message is signed by a quorum among the signers.
           * @param _msg signed message
           * @param _sigs list of signatures sorted by signer addresses
           * @param _signers sorted list of current signers
           * @param _powers powers of current signers
           */
          function verifySigs(
              bytes memory _msg,
              bytes[] calldata _sigs,
              address[] calldata _signers,
              uint256[] calldata _powers
          ) external view;
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      interface IWETH {
          function deposit() external payable;
          function withdraw(uint256) external;
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      // runtime proto sol library
      library Pb {
          enum WireType {
              Varint,
              Fixed64,
              LengthDelim,
              StartGroup,
              EndGroup,
              Fixed32
          }
          struct Buffer {
              uint256 idx; // the start index of next read. when idx=b.length, we're done
              bytes b; // hold serialized proto msg, readonly
          }
          // create a new in-memory Buffer object from raw msg bytes
          function fromBytes(bytes memory raw) internal pure returns (Buffer memory buf) {
              buf.b = raw;
              buf.idx = 0;
          }
          // whether there are unread bytes
          function hasMore(Buffer memory buf) internal pure returns (bool) {
              return buf.idx < buf.b.length;
          }
          // decode current field number and wiretype
          function decKey(Buffer memory buf) internal pure returns (uint256 tag, WireType wiretype) {
              uint256 v = decVarint(buf);
              tag = v / 8;
              wiretype = WireType(v & 7);
          }
          // count tag occurrences, return an array due to no memory map support
          // have to create array for (maxtag+1) size. cnts[tag] = occurrences
          // should keep buf.idx unchanged because this is only a count function
          function cntTags(Buffer memory buf, uint256 maxtag) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory cnts) {
              uint256 originalIdx = buf.idx;
              cnts = new uint256[](maxtag + 1); // protobuf's tags are from 1 rather than 0
              uint256 tag;
              WireType wire;
              while (hasMore(buf)) {
                  (tag, wire) = decKey(buf);
                  cnts[tag] += 1;
                  skipValue(buf, wire);
              }
              buf.idx = originalIdx;
          }
          // read varint from current buf idx, move buf.idx to next read, return the int value
          function decVarint(Buffer memory buf) internal pure returns (uint256 v) {
              bytes10 tmp; // proto int is at most 10 bytes (7 bits can be used per byte)
              bytes memory bb = buf.b; // get buf.b mem addr to use in assembly
              v = buf.idx; // use v to save one additional uint variable
              assembly {
                  tmp := mload(add(add(bb, 32), v)) // load 10 bytes from buf.b[buf.idx] to tmp
              }
              uint256 b; // store current byte content
              v = 0; // reset to 0 for return value
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                  assembly {
                      b := byte(i, tmp) // don't use tmp[i] because it does bound check and costs extra
                  }
                  v |= (b & 0x7F) << (i * 7);
                  if (b & 0x80 == 0) {
                      buf.idx += i + 1;
                      return v;
                  }
              }
              revert(); // i=10, invalid varint stream
          }
          // read length delimited field and return bytes
          function decBytes(Buffer memory buf) internal pure returns (bytes memory b) {
              uint256 len = decVarint(buf);
              uint256 end = buf.idx + len;
              require(end <= buf.b.length); // avoid overflow
              b = new bytes(len);
              bytes memory bufB = buf.b; // get buf.b mem addr to use in assembly
              uint256 bStart;
              uint256 bufBStart = buf.idx;
              assembly {
                  bStart := add(b, 32)
                  bufBStart := add(add(bufB, 32), bufBStart)
              }
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < len; i += 32) {
                  assembly {
                      mstore(add(bStart, i), mload(add(bufBStart, i)))
                  }
              }
              buf.idx = end;
          }
          // return packed ints
          function decPacked(Buffer memory buf) internal pure returns (uint256[] memory t) {
              uint256 len = decVarint(buf);
              uint256 end = buf.idx + len;
              require(end <= buf.b.length); // avoid overflow
              // array in memory must be init w/ known length
              // so we have to create a tmp array w/ max possible len first
              uint256[] memory tmp = new uint256[](len);
              uint256 i = 0; // count how many ints are there
              while (buf.idx < end) {
                  tmp[i] = decVarint(buf);
                  i++;
              }
              t = new uint256[](i); // init t with correct length
              for (uint256 j = 0; j < i; j++) {
                  t[j] = tmp[j];
              }
              return t;
          }
          // move idx pass current value field, to beginning of next tag or msg end
          function skipValue(Buffer memory buf, WireType wire) internal pure {
              if (wire == WireType.Varint) {
                  decVarint(buf);
              } else if (wire == WireType.LengthDelim) {
                  uint256 len = decVarint(buf);
                  buf.idx += len; // skip len bytes value data
                  require(buf.idx <= buf.b.length); // avoid overflow
              } else {
                  revert();
              } // unsupported wiretype
          }
          // type conversion help utils
          function _bool(uint256 x) internal pure returns (bool v) {
              return x != 0;
          }
          function _uint256(bytes memory b) internal pure returns (uint256 v) {
              require(b.length <= 32); // b's length must be smaller than or equal to 32
              assembly {
                  v := mload(add(b, 32))
              } // load all 32bytes to v
              v = v >> (8 * (32 - b.length)); // only first b.length is valid
          }
          function _address(bytes memory b) internal pure returns (address v) {
              v = _addressPayable(b);
          }
          function _addressPayable(bytes memory b) internal pure returns (address payable v) {
              require(b.length == 20);
              //load 32bytes then shift right 12 bytes
              assembly {
                  v := div(mload(add(b, 32)), 0x1000000000000000000000000)
              }
          }
          function _bytes32(bytes memory b) internal pure returns (bytes32 v) {
              require(b.length == 32);
              assembly {
                  v := mload(add(b, 32))
              }
          }
          // uint[] to uint8[]
          function uint8s(uint256[] memory arr) internal pure returns (uint8[] memory t) {
              t = new uint8[](arr.length);
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
                  t[i] = uint8(arr[i]);
              }
          }
          function uint32s(uint256[] memory arr) internal pure returns (uint32[] memory t) {
              t = new uint32[](arr.length);
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
                  t[i] = uint32(arr[i]);
              }
          }
          function uint64s(uint256[] memory arr) internal pure returns (uint64[] memory t) {
              t = new uint64[](arr.length);
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
                  t[i] = uint64(arr[i]);
              }
          }
          function bools(uint256[] memory arr) internal pure returns (bool[] memory t) {
              t = new bool[](arr.length);
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < t.length; i++) {
                  t[i] = arr[i] != 0;
              }
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      // Code generated by protoc-gen-sol. DO NOT EDIT.
      // source: bridge.proto
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "./Pb.sol";
      library PbBridge {
          using Pb for Pb.Buffer; // so we can call Pb funcs on Buffer obj
          struct Relay {
              address sender; // tag: 1
              address receiver; // tag: 2
              address token; // tag: 3
              uint256 amount; // tag: 4
              uint64 srcChainId; // tag: 5
              uint64 dstChainId; // tag: 6
              bytes32 srcTransferId; // tag: 7
          } // end struct Relay
          function decRelay(bytes memory raw) internal pure returns (Relay memory m) {
              Pb.Buffer memory buf = Pb.fromBytes(raw);
              uint256 tag;
              Pb.WireType wire;
              while (buf.hasMore()) {
                  (tag, wire) = buf.decKey();
                  if (false) {}
                  // solidity has no switch/case
                  else if (tag == 1) {
                      m.sender = Pb._address(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 2) {
                      m.receiver = Pb._address(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 3) {
                      m.token = Pb._address(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 4) {
                      m.amount = Pb._uint256(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 5) {
                      m.srcChainId = uint64(buf.decVarint());
                  } else if (tag == 6) {
                      m.dstChainId = uint64(buf.decVarint());
                  } else if (tag == 7) {
                      m.srcTransferId = Pb._bytes32(buf.decBytes());
                  } else {
                      buf.skipValue(wire);
                  } // skip value of unknown tag
              }
          } // end decoder Relay
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      // Code generated by protoc-gen-sol. DO NOT EDIT.
      // source: contracts/libraries/proto/pool.proto
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "./Pb.sol";
      library PbPool {
          using Pb for Pb.Buffer; // so we can call Pb funcs on Buffer obj
          struct WithdrawMsg {
              uint64 chainid; // tag: 1
              uint64 seqnum; // tag: 2
              address receiver; // tag: 3
              address token; // tag: 4
              uint256 amount; // tag: 5
              bytes32 refid; // tag: 6
          } // end struct WithdrawMsg
          function decWithdrawMsg(bytes memory raw) internal pure returns (WithdrawMsg memory m) {
              Pb.Buffer memory buf = Pb.fromBytes(raw);
              uint256 tag;
              Pb.WireType wire;
              while (buf.hasMore()) {
                  (tag, wire) = buf.decKey();
                  if (false) {}
                  // solidity has no switch/case
                  else if (tag == 1) {
                      m.chainid = uint64(buf.decVarint());
                  } else if (tag == 2) {
                      m.seqnum = uint64(buf.decVarint());
                  } else if (tag == 3) {
                      m.receiver = Pb._address(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 4) {
                      m.token = Pb._address(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 5) {
                      m.amount = Pb._uint256(buf.decBytes());
                  } else if (tag == 6) {
                      m.refid = Pb._bytes32(buf.decBytes());
                  } else {
                      buf.skipValue(wire);
                  } // skip value of unknown tag
              }
          } // end decoder WithdrawMsg
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "./Governor.sol";
      abstract contract DelayedTransfer is Governor {
          struct delayedTransfer {
              address receiver;
              address token;
              uint256 amount;
              uint256 timestamp;
          }
          mapping(bytes32 => delayedTransfer) public delayedTransfers;
          mapping(address => uint256) public delayThresholds;
          uint256 public delayPeriod; // in seconds
          event DelayedTransferAdded(bytes32 id);
          event DelayedTransferExecuted(bytes32 id, address receiver, address token, uint256 amount);
          event DelayPeriodUpdated(uint256 period);
          event DelayThresholdUpdated(address token, uint256 threshold);
          function setDelayThresholds(address[] calldata _tokens, uint256[] calldata _thresholds) external onlyGovernor {
              require(_tokens.length == _thresholds.length, "length mismatch");
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _tokens.length; i++) {
                  delayThresholds[_tokens[i]] = _thresholds[i];
                  emit DelayThresholdUpdated(_tokens[i], _thresholds[i]);
              }
          }
          function setDelayPeriod(uint256 _period) external onlyGovernor {
              delayPeriod = _period;
              emit DelayPeriodUpdated(_period);
          }
          function _addDelayedTransfer(
              bytes32 id,
              address receiver,
              address token,
              uint256 amount
          ) internal {
              require(delayedTransfers[id].timestamp == 0, "delayed transfer already exists");
              delayedTransfers[id] = delayedTransfer({
                  receiver: receiver,
                  token: token,
                  amount: amount,
                  timestamp: block.timestamp
              });
              emit DelayedTransferAdded(id);
          }
          // caller needs to do the actual token transfer
          function _executeDelayedTransfer(bytes32 id) internal returns (delayedTransfer memory) {
              delayedTransfer memory transfer = delayedTransfers[id];
              require(transfer.timestamp > 0, "delayed transfer not exist");
              require(block.timestamp > transfer.timestamp + delayPeriod, "delayed transfer still locked");
              delete delayedTransfers[id];
              emit DelayedTransferExecuted(id, transfer.receiver, transfer.token, transfer.amount);
              return transfer;
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
      abstract contract Governor is Ownable {
          mapping(address => bool) public governors;
          event GovernorAdded(address account);
          event GovernorRemoved(address account);
          modifier onlyGovernor() {
              require(isGovernor(msg.sender), "Caller is not governor");
              _;
          }
          constructor() {
              _addGovernor(msg.sender);
          }
          function isGovernor(address _account) public view returns (bool) {
              return governors[_account];
          }
          function addGovernor(address _account) public onlyOwner {
              _addGovernor(_account);
          }
          function removeGovernor(address _account) public onlyOwner {
              _removeGovernor(_account);
          }
          function renounceGovernor() public {
              _removeGovernor(msg.sender);
          }
          function _addGovernor(address _account) private {
              require(!isGovernor(_account), "Account is already governor");
              governors[_account] = true;
              emit GovernorAdded(_account);
          }
          function _removeGovernor(address _account) private {
              require(isGovernor(_account), "Account is not governor");
              governors[_account] = false;
              emit GovernorRemoved(_account);
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
      import "@openzeppelin/contracts/security/Pausable.sol";
      abstract contract Pauser is Ownable, Pausable {
          mapping(address => bool) public pausers;
          event PauserAdded(address account);
          event PauserRemoved(address account);
          constructor() {
              _addPauser(msg.sender);
          }
          modifier onlyPauser() {
              require(isPauser(msg.sender), "Caller is not pauser");
              _;
          }
          function pause() public onlyPauser {
              _pause();
          }
          function unpause() public onlyPauser {
              _unpause();
          }
          function isPauser(address account) public view returns (bool) {
              return pausers[account];
          }
          function addPauser(address account) public onlyOwner {
              _addPauser(account);
          }
          function removePauser(address account) public onlyOwner {
              _removePauser(account);
          }
          function renouncePauser() public {
              _removePauser(msg.sender);
          }
          function _addPauser(address account) private {
              require(!isPauser(account), "Account is already pauser");
              pausers[account] = true;
              emit PauserAdded(account);
          }
          function _removePauser(address account) private {
              require(isPauser(account), "Account is not pauser");
              pausers[account] = false;
              emit PauserRemoved(account);
          }
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
      pragma solidity 0.8.9;
      import "./Governor.sol";
      abstract contract VolumeControl is Governor {
          uint256 public epochLength; // seconds
          mapping(address => uint256) public epochVolumes; // key is token
          mapping(address => uint256) public epochVolumeCaps; // key is token
          mapping(address => uint256) public lastOpTimestamps; // key is token
          event EpochLengthUpdated(uint256 length);
          event EpochVolumeUpdated(address token, uint256 cap);
          function setEpochLength(uint256 _length) external onlyGovernor {
              epochLength = _length;
              emit EpochLengthUpdated(_length);
          }
          function setEpochVolumeCaps(address[] calldata _tokens, uint256[] calldata _caps) external onlyGovernor {
              require(_tokens.length == _caps.length, "length mismatch");
              for (uint256 i = 0; i < _tokens.length; i++) {
                  epochVolumeCaps[_tokens[i]] = _caps[i];
                  emit EpochVolumeUpdated(_tokens[i], _caps[i]);
              }
          }
          function _updateVolume(address _token, uint256 _amount) internal {
              if (epochLength == 0) {
                  return;
              }
              uint256 cap = epochVolumeCaps[_token];
              if (cap == 0) {
                  return;
              }
              uint256 volume = epochVolumes[_token];
              uint256 timestamp = block.timestamp;
              uint256 epochStartTime = (timestamp / epochLength) * epochLength;
              if (lastOpTimestamps[_token] < epochStartTime) {
                  volume = _amount;
              } else {
                  volume += _amount;
              }
              require(volume <= cap, "volume exceeds cap");
              epochVolumes[_token] = volume;
              lastOpTimestamps[_token] = timestamp;
          }
      }
      

      File 2 of 3: ERC1967Proxy
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./Proxy.sol";
      import "../upgradeability/ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
      /**
       * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
       * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
       * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
       * implementation behind the proxy.
       */
      contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy, ERC1967Upgrade {
          /**
           * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `_logic`.
           *
           * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `_logic`. This will typically be an encoded
           * function call, and allows initializating the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
           */
          constructor(address _logic, bytes memory _data) payable {
              assert(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT == bytes32(uint256(keccak256("eip1967.proxy.implementation")) - 1));
              _upgradeToAndCall(_logic, _data, false);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
           */
          function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address impl) {
              return ERC1967Upgrade._getImplementation();
          }
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/Proxy.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
       * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
       * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
       *
       * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
       * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
       *
       * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
       */
      abstract contract Proxy {
          /**
           * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
           *
           * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
           */
          function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
              assembly {
                  // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
                  // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
                  // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
                  calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())
                  // Call the implementation.
                  // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
                  let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)
                  // Copy the returned data.
                  returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
                  switch result
                  // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
                  case 0 {
                      revert(0, returndatasize())
                  }
                  default {
                      return(0, returndatasize())
                  }
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overriden so it returns the address to which the fallback function
           * and {_fallback} should delegate.
           */
          function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);
          /**
           * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
           *
           * This function does not return to its internall call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
           */
          function _fallback() internal virtual {
              _beforeFallback();
              _delegate(_implementation());
          }
          /**
           * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
           * function in the contract matches the call data.
           */
          fallback() external payable virtual {
              _fallback();
          }
          /**
           * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if call data
           * is empty.
           */
          receive() external payable virtual {
              _fallback();
          }
          /**
           * @dev Hook that is called before falling back to the implementation. Can happen as part of a manual `_fallback`
           * call, or as part of the Solidity `fallback` or `receive` functions.
           *
           * If overriden should call `super._beforeFallback()`.
           */
          function _beforeFallback() internal virtual {}
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./draft-IERC1822.sol";
      import "../util/Address.sol";
      import "../util/StorageSlot.sol";
      /**
       * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
       * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
       *
       * _Available since v4.1._
       *
       * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
       */
      abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
          // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
          bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
          /**
           * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
           * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
           * validated in the constructor.
           */
          bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
           */
          event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
           */
          function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
              return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
           */
          function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
              require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
              StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
              _setImplementation(newImplementation);
              emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeToAndCall(
              address newImplementation,
              bytes memory data,
              bool forceCall
          ) internal {
              _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
              if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                  Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(
              address newImplementation,
              bytes memory data,
              bool forceCall
          ) internal {
              // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
              // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
              // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
              if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
                  _setImplementation(newImplementation);
              } else {
                  try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                      require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
                  } catch {
                      revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
                  }
                  _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
              }
          }
       
          uint256[50] private _gap;
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.x.0 (proxy/ERC1822/IProxiable.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
       * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
       */
      interface IERC1822Proxiable {
          /**
           * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
           * address.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
           * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
           * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
           */
          function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.0 (utils/Address.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
       */
      library Address {
          /**
           * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
           * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/utils/Context.sol
           * Modifications:
           * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
           *
           * [IMPORTANT]
           * ====
           * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
           * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
           *
           * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
           * types of addresses:
           *
           *  - an externally-owned account
           *  - a contract in construction
           *  - an address where a contract will be created
           *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
           * ====
           */
          function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
              // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
              // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
              // constructor execution.
              uint256 size;
              assembly {
                  size := extcodesize(account)
              }
              return size > 0;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
           * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
           *
           * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
           * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
           * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
           * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
           *
           * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
           *
           * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
           * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
           * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
           * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
           */
          function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
              require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
              (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
              require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
           * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
           * function instead.
           *
           * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
           * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
           *
           * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
           * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - `target` must be a contract.
           * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
           * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
           * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
           * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
              require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
           * revert reason using the provided one.
           *
           * _Available since v4.3._
           */
          function verifyCallResult(
              bool success,
              bytes memory returndata,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
              if (success) {
                  return returndata;
              } else {
                  // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                  if (returndata.length > 0) {
                      // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                      assembly {
                          let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                          revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                      }
                  } else {
                      revert(errorMessage);
                  }
              }
          }
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       */
      /**
       * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
       *
       * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
       * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
       *
       * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
       *
       * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
       * ```
       * contract ERC1967 {
       *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
       *
       *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
       *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
       *     }
       *
       *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
       *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
       *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
       *     }
       * }
       * ```
       *
       * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
       */
      library StorageSlot {
          struct AddressSlot {
              address value;
          }
          struct BooleanSlot {
              bool value;
          }
          struct Bytes32Slot {
              bytes32 value;
          }
          struct Uint256Slot {
              uint256 value;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (AddressSlot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (BooleanSlot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (Bytes32Slot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (Uint256Slot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
      }
      

      File 3 of 3: FiatTokenV1
      /**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./Ownable.sol";
      import "./Pausable.sol";
      import "./Blocklistable.sol";
      import "../util/EIP712.sol";
      import "./Rescuable.sol";
      import "./EIP3009.sol";
      import "./EIP2612.sol";
      import "../upgradeability/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
      /**
       * @dev ERC20 Token backed by fiat reserves. Forked from
       * https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v1/FiatTokenV1.sol,
       * https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v1.1/FiatTokenV1_1.sol,
       * https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v2/FiatTokenV2.sol,
       * https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v2/FiatTokenV2_1.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Use cashe for gas optimization
       * 3. Let initialize function initialize a rescuer
       * 4. Change materMinter -> minterAdmin
       * 5. Use initializedVersion to manage the version
       * 6. Check if the approved amount is max amount for gas optimization
       */
      /**
       * @title FiatToken
       * @dev ERC20 Token backed by fiat reserves
       */
      contract FiatTokenV1 is
          Ownable,
          Pausable,
          Blocklistable,
          Rescuable,
          EIP3009,
          EIP2612,
          UUPSUpgradeable
      {
          string public name;
          string public symbol;
          string public currency;
          uint256 internal totalSupply_;
          address public minterAdmin;
          uint8 public decimals;
          uint8 internal initializedVersion;
          mapping(address => uint256) internal balances;
          mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) internal allowed;
          mapping(address => bool) internal minters;
          mapping(address => uint256) internal minterAllowed;
          event Mint(address indexed minter, address indexed to, uint256 amount);
          event Burn(address indexed burner, uint256 amount);
          event MinterConfigured(address indexed minter, uint256 minterAllowedAmount);
          event MinterRemoved(address indexed oldMinter);
          event MinterAdminChanged(address indexed newMinterAdmin);
          function initialize(
              string memory tokenName,
              string memory tokenSymbol,
              string memory tokenCurrency,
              uint8 tokenDecimals,
              address newMinterAdmin,
              address newPauser,
              address newBlocklister,
              address newRescuer,
              address newOwner
          ) public {
              require(
                  initializedVersion == 0,
                  "FiatToken: contract is already initialized"
              );
              require(
                  newMinterAdmin != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new minterAdmin is the zero address"
              );
              require(
                  newPauser != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new pauser is the zero address"
              );
              require(
                  newBlocklister != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new blocklister is the zero address"
              );
              require(
                  newRescuer != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new rescuer is the zero address"
              );
              require(
                  newOwner != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new owner is the zero address"
              );
              name = tokenName;
              symbol = tokenSymbol;
              currency = tokenCurrency;
              decimals = tokenDecimals;
              minterAdmin = newMinterAdmin;
              pauser = newPauser;
              blocklister = newBlocklister;
              rescuer = newRescuer;
              _transferOwnership(newOwner);
              blocklisted[address(this)] = 1;
              DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = EIP712.makeDomainSeparator(tokenName, "1");
              CHAIN_ID = block.chainid;
              NAME = tokenName;
              VERSION = "1";
              initializedVersion = 1;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Throws if called by any account other than a minter
           */
          modifier onlyMinters() {
              require(minters[msg.sender], "FiatToken: caller is not a minter");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Function to mint tokens
           * @param _to The address that will receive the minted tokens.
           * @param _amount The amount of tokens to mint. Must be less than or equal
           * to the minterAllowance of the caller.
           * @return A boolean that indicates if the operation was successful.
           */
          function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount)
              external
              whenNotPaused
              onlyMinters
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(_to)
              returns (bool)
          {
              require(_to != address(0), "FiatToken: mint to the zero address");
              require(_amount > 0, "FiatToken: mint amount not greater than 0");
              uint256 mintingAllowedAmount = minterAllowed[msg.sender];
              require(
                  _amount <= mintingAllowedAmount,
                  "FiatToken: mint amount exceeds minterAllowance"
              );
              totalSupply_ = totalSupply_ + _amount;
              balances[_to] = balances[_to] + _amount;
              minterAllowed[msg.sender] = mintingAllowedAmount - _amount;
              emit Mint(msg.sender, _to, _amount);
              emit Transfer(address(0), _to, _amount);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the minterAdmin
           */
          modifier onlyMinterAdmin() {
              require(
                  msg.sender == minterAdmin,
                  "FiatToken: caller is not the minterAdmin"
              );
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Get minter allowance for an account
           * @param minter The address of the minter
           * @return Allowance of the minter can mint
           */
          function minterAllowance(address minter) external view returns (uint256) {
              return minterAllowed[minter];
          }
          /**
           * @dev Checks if account is a minter
           * @param account The address to check
           * @return True if account is a minter
           */
          function isMinter(address account) external view returns (bool) {
              return minters[account];
          }
          /**
           * @notice Amount of remaining tokens spender is allowed to transfer on
           * behalf of the token owner
           * @param owner     Token owner's address
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @return Allowance amount
           */
          function allowance(address owner, address spender)
              external
              view
              override
              returns (uint256)
          {
              return allowed[owner][spender];
          }
          /**
           * @dev Get totalSupply of token
           * @return TotalSupply
           */
          function totalSupply() external view override returns (uint256) {
              return totalSupply_;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Get token balance of an account
           * @param account address The account
           * @return Balance amount of the account
           */
          function balanceOf(address account)
              external
              view
              override
              returns (uint256)
          {
              return balances[account];
          }
          /**
           * @notice Set spender's allowance over the caller's tokens to be a given
           * value.
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param value     Allowance amount
           * @return True if successful
           */
          function approve(address spender, uint256 value)
              external
              override
              whenNotPaused
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(spender)
              returns (bool)
          {
              _approve(msg.sender, spender, value);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Internal function to set allowance
           * @param owner     Token owner's address
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param value     Allowance amount
           */
          function _approve(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 value
          ) internal override {
              require(owner != address(0), "FiatToken: approve from the zero address");
              require(spender != address(0), "FiatToken: approve to the zero address");
              allowed[owner][spender] = value;
              emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Transfer tokens by spending allowance
           * @param from  Payer's address
           * @param to    Payee's address
           * @param value Transfer amount
           * @return True if successful
           */
          function transferFrom(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value
          )
              external
              override
              whenNotPaused
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(from)
              notBlocklisted(to)
              returns (bool)
          {
              uint256 _allowed = allowed[from][msg.sender];
              if (_allowed != type(uint256).max) {
                  require(_allowed >= value, "FiatToken: transfer amount exceeds allowance");
                  allowed[from][msg.sender] = _allowed - value;
              }
              _transfer(from, to, value);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Transfer tokens from the caller
           * @param to    Payee's address
           * @param value Transfer amount
           * @return True if successful
           */
          function transfer(address to, uint256 value)
              external
              override
              whenNotPaused
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(to)
              returns (bool)
          {
              _transfer(msg.sender, to, value);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Internal function to process transfers
           * @param from  Payer's address
           * @param to    Payee's address
           * @param value Transfer amount
           */
          function _transfer(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value
          ) internal override {
              require(from != address(0), "FiatToken: transfer from the zero address");
              require(to != address(0), "FiatToken: transfer to the zero address");
              uint256 _balances = balances[from];
              require(
                  value <= _balances,
                  "FiatToken: transfer amount exceeds balance"
              );
              balances[from] = _balances - value;
              balances[to] = balances[to] + value;
              emit Transfer(from, to, value);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Function to add/update a new minter
           * @param minter The address of the minter
           * @param minterAllowedAmount The minting amount allowed for the minter
           * @return True if the operation was successful.
           */
          function configureMinter(address minter, uint256 minterAllowedAmount)
              external
              whenNotPaused
              onlyMinterAdmin
              returns (bool)
          {
              minters[minter] = true;
              minterAllowed[minter] = minterAllowedAmount;
              emit MinterConfigured(minter, minterAllowedAmount);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Function to remove a minter
           * @param minter The address of the minter to remove
           * @return True if the operation was successful.
           */
          function removeMinter(address minter)
              external
              onlyMinterAdmin
              returns (bool)
          {
              minters[minter] = false;
              minterAllowed[minter] = 0;
              emit MinterRemoved(minter);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @dev allows a minter to burn some of its own tokens
           * Validates that caller is a minter and that sender is not blocklisted
           * amount is less than or equal to the minter's account balance
           * @param _amount uint256 the amount of tokens to be burned
           */
          function burn(uint256 _amount)
              external
              whenNotPaused
              onlyMinters
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
          {
              uint256 balance = balances[msg.sender];
              require(_amount > 0, "FiatToken: burn amount not greater than 0");
              require(balance >= _amount, "FiatToken: burn amount exceeds balance");
              totalSupply_ = totalSupply_ - _amount;
              balances[msg.sender] = balance - _amount;
              emit Burn(msg.sender, _amount);
              emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(0), _amount);
          }
          function updateMinterAdmin(address _newMinterAdmin) external onlyOwner {
              require(
                  _newMinterAdmin != address(0),
                  "FiatToken: new minterAdmin is the zero address"
              );
              minterAdmin = _newMinterAdmin;
              emit MinterAdminChanged(minterAdmin);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Increase the allowance by a given increment
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param increment Amount of increase in allowance
           * @return True if successful
           */
          function increaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 increment)
              external
              whenNotPaused
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(spender)
              returns (bool)
          {
              _increaseAllowance(msg.sender, spender, increment);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Decrease the allowance by a given decrement
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param decrement Amount of decrease in allowance
           * @return True if successful
           */
          function decreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 decrement)
              external
              whenNotPaused
              notBlocklisted(msg.sender)
              notBlocklisted(spender)
              returns (bool)
          {
              _decreaseAllowance(msg.sender, spender, decrement);
              return true;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Internal function to increase the allowance by a given increment
           * @param owner     Token owner's address
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param increment Amount of increase
           */
          function _increaseAllowance(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 increment
          ) internal override {
              _approve(owner, spender, allowed[owner][spender] + increment);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Internal function to decrease the allowance by a given decrement
           * @param owner     Token owner's address
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param decrement Amount of decrease
           */
          function _decreaseAllowance(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 decrement
          ) internal override {
              uint256 _allowed = allowed[owner][spender];
              require(
                  decrement <= _allowed,
                  "FiatToken: decreased allowance below zero"
              );
              _approve(owner, spender, _allowed - decrement);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Execute a transfer with a signed authorization
           * @param from          Payer's address (Authorizer)
           * @param to            Payee's address
           * @param value         Amount to be transferred
           * @param validAfter    The time after which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param validBefore   The time before which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param nonce         Unique nonce
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function transferWithAuthorization(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 validAfter,
              uint256 validBefore,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) external whenNotPaused notBlocklisted(from) notBlocklisted(to) {
              _transferWithAuthorization(
                  from,
                  to,
                  value,
                  validAfter,
                  validBefore,
                  nonce,
                  v,
                  r,
                  s
              );
          }
          /**
           * @notice Receive a transfer with a signed authorization from the payer
           * @dev This has an additional check to ensure that the payee's address
           * matches the caller of this function to prevent front-running attacks.
           * @param from          Payer's address (Authorizer)
           * @param to            Payee's address
           * @param value         Amount to be transferred
           * @param validAfter    The time after which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param validBefore   The time before which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param nonce         Unique nonce
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function receiveWithAuthorization(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 validAfter,
              uint256 validBefore,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) external whenNotPaused notBlocklisted(from) notBlocklisted(to) {
              _receiveWithAuthorization(
                  from,
                  to,
                  value,
                  validAfter,
                  validBefore,
                  nonce,
                  v,
                  r,
                  s
              );
          }
          /**
           * @notice Attempt to cancel an authorization
           * @dev Works only if the authorization is not yet used.
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function cancelAuthorization(
              address authorizer,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) external whenNotPaused {
              _cancelAuthorization(authorizer, nonce, v, r, s);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Update allowance with a signed permit
           * @param owner       Token owner's address (Authorizer)
           * @param spender     Spender's address
           * @param value       Amount of allowance
           * @param deadline    Expiration time, seconds since the epoch
           * @param v           v of the signature
           * @param r           r of the signature
           * @param s           s of the signature
           */
          function permit(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 deadline,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) external whenNotPaused notBlocklisted(owner) notBlocklisted(spender) {
              _permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
          }
          function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation)
              internal
              override
              onlyOwner
          {}
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.0 (access/Ownable.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/access/Ownable.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Delete function renounceOwnership
       * 3. Do not inherit Context
       */
      /**
       * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
       * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
       * specific functions.
       *
       * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
       * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
       *
       * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
       * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
       * the owner.
       */
      abstract contract Ownable {
          address private _owner;
          event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
          /**
           * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
           */
          constructor() {
              _transferOwnership(msg.sender);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
           */
          function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
              return _owner;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
           */
          modifier onlyOwner() {
              require(owner() == msg.sender, "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
           * Can only be called by the current owner.
           */
          function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
              require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
              _transferOwnership(newOwner);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
           * Internal function without access restriction.
           */
          function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
              address oldOwner = _owner;
              _owner = newOwner;
              emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2016 Smart Contract Solutions, Inc.
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ0
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./Ownable.sol";
      /**
      * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/feb665136c0dae9912e08397c1a21c4af3651ef3/contracts/lifecycle/Pausable.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Do not set initial value of paused
       */
      /**
       * @notice Base contract which allows children to implement an emergency stop
       * mechanism
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/feb665136c0dae9912e08397c1a21c4af3651ef3/contracts/lifecycle/Pausable.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Added pauser role, switched pause/unpause to be onlyPauser (6/14/2018)
       * 2. Removed whenNotPause/whenPaused from pause/unpause (6/14/2018)
       * 3. Removed whenPaused (6/14/2018)
       * 4. Switches ownable library to use ZeppelinOS (7/12/18)
       * 5. Remove constructor (7/13/18)
       * 6. Reformat, conform to Solidity 0.6 syntax and add error messages (5/13/20)
       * 7. Make public functions external (5/27/20)
       */
      contract Pausable is Ownable {
          event Pause();
          event Unpause();
          event PauserChanged(address indexed newAddress);
          address public pauser;
          bool public paused;
          /**
           * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only when the contract is not paused.
           */
          modifier whenNotPaused() {
              require(!paused, "Pausable: paused");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev throws if called by any account other than the pauser
           */
          modifier onlyPauser() {
              require(msg.sender == pauser, "Pausable: caller is not the pauser");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev called by the owner to pause, triggers stopped state
           */
          function pause() external onlyPauser {
              paused = true;
              emit Pause();
          }
          /**
           * @dev called by the owner to unpause, returns to normal state
           */
          function unpause() external onlyPauser {
              paused = false;
              emit Unpause();
          }
          /**
           * @dev update the pauser role
           */
          function updatePauser(address _newPauser) external onlyOwner {
              require(
                  _newPauser != address(0),
                  "Pausable: new pauser is the zero address"
              );
              pauser = _newPauser;
              emit PauserChanged(pauser);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./Ownable.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v1/Blacklistable.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Change bool -> uint256 for gas optimization
       * 3. Change blacklist -> blocklist
       * 4. Add gap
       */
      /**
       * @title Blocklistable Token
       * @dev Allows accounts to be blocklisted by a "blocklister" role
       */
      contract Blocklistable is Ownable {
          address public blocklister;
          mapping(address => uint256) internal blocklisted;
          event Blocklisted(address indexed _account);
          event UnBlocklisted(address indexed _account);
          event BlocklisterChanged(address indexed newBlocklister);
          /**
           * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the blocklister
           */
          modifier onlyBlocklister() {
              require(
                  msg.sender == blocklister,
                  "Blocklistable: caller is not the blocklister"
              );
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Throws if argument account is blocklisted
           * @param _account The address to check
           */
          modifier notBlocklisted(address _account) {
              require(
                  blocklisted[_account] == 0,
                  "Blocklistable: account is blocklisted"
              );
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Checks if account is blocklisted
           * @param _account The address to check
           * @return True if account is blocklisted
           */
          function isBlocklisted(address _account) external view returns (bool) {
              return blocklisted[_account] == 1;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Adds account to blocklist
           * @param _account The address to blocklist
           */
          function blocklist(address _account) external onlyBlocklister {
              blocklisted[_account] = 1;
              emit Blocklisted(_account);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Removes account from blocklist
           * @param _account The address to remove from the blocklist
           */
          function unBlocklist(address _account) external onlyBlocklister {
              blocklisted[_account] = 0;
              emit UnBlocklisted(_account);
          }
          function updateBlocklister(address _newBlocklister) external onlyOwner {
              require(
                  _newBlocklister != address(0),
                  "Blocklistable: new blocklister is the zero address"
              );
              blocklister = _newBlocklister;
              emit BlocklisterChanged(blocklister);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./ECRecover.sol";
      /**
       * @title EIP712
       * @notice A library that provides EIP712 helper functions
       */
      library EIP712 {
          /**
           * @notice Make EIP712 domain separator
           * @param name      Contract name
           * @param version   Contract version
           * @return Domain separator
           */
          function makeDomainSeparator(string memory name, string memory version)
              internal
              view
              returns (bytes32)
          {
              uint256 chainId;
              assembly {
                  chainId := chainid()
              }
              return
                  keccak256(
                      abi.encode(
                          // keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)")
                          0x8b73c3c69bb8fe3d512ecc4cf759cc79239f7b179b0ffacaa9a75d522b39400f,
                          keccak256(bytes(name)),
                          keccak256(bytes(version)),
                          chainId,
                          address(this)
                      )
                  );
          }
          /**
           * @notice Recover signer's address from a EIP712 signature
           * @param domainSeparator   Domain separator
           * @param v                 v of the signature
           * @param r                 r of the signature
           * @param s                 s of the signature
           * @param typeHashAndData   Type hash concatenated with data
           * @return Signer's address
           */
          function recover(
              bytes32 domainSeparator,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s,
              bytes memory typeHashAndData
          ) internal pure returns (address) {
              bytes32 digest = keccak256(
                  abi.encodePacked(
                      "\\x19\\x01",
                      domainSeparator,
                      keccak256(typeHashAndData)
                  )
              );
              return ECRecover.recover(digest, v, r, s);
          }
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./Ownable.sol";
      import "../util/IERC20.sol";
      /**
       * @notice Base contract which allows children to rescue tokens mistakenly sent to the contract
      * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v1.1/Rescuable.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Set state variable rescuer to public
       * 3. Do not use safeTransfer
       */
      contract Rescuable is Ownable {
          address public rescuer;
          event RescuerChanged(address indexed newRescuer);
          /**
           * @notice Revert if called by any account other than the rescuer.
           */
          modifier onlyRescuer() {
              require(msg.sender == rescuer, "Rescuable: caller is not the rescuer");
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Rescue ERC20 tokens locked up in this contract.
           * @param tokenContract ERC20 token contract address
           * @param to        Recipient address
           * @param amount    Amount to withdraw
           */
          function rescueERC20(
              IERC20 tokenContract,
              address to,
              uint256 amount
          ) external onlyRescuer {
              tokenContract.transfer(to, amount);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Assign the rescuer role to a given address.
           * @param newRescuer New rescuer's address
           */
          function updateRescuer(address newRescuer) external onlyOwner {
              require(
                  newRescuer != address(0),
                  "Rescuable: new rescuer is the zero address"
              );
              rescuer = newRescuer;
              emit RescuerChanged(newRescuer);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./AbstractFiatTokenV1.sol";
      import "./EIP712Domain.sol";
      import "../util/EIP712.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v2/EIP3009.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Make domain separator dynamic by adding function: domainSeparatorV4
       * 3. Change _authorizationStates to uint256 for gas optimization
       * 4. Change now to block.timestamp
       * 5. Add gap
       */
      /**
       * @title EIP-3009
       * @notice Provide internal implementation for gas-abstracted transfers
       * @dev Contracts that inherit from this must wrap these with publicly
       * accessible functions, optionally adding modifiers where necessary
       */
      abstract contract EIP3009 is AbstractFiatTokenV1, EIP712Domain {
          // keccak256("TransferWithAuthorization(address from,address to,uint256 value,uint256 validAfter,uint256 validBefore,bytes32 nonce)")
          bytes32 public constant TRANSFER_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH =
              0x7c7c6cdb67a18743f49ec6fa9b35f50d52ed05cbed4cc592e13b44501c1a2267;
          // keccak256("ReceiveWithAuthorization(address from,address to,uint256 value,uint256 validAfter,uint256 validBefore,bytes32 nonce)")
          bytes32 public constant RECEIVE_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH =
              0xd099cc98ef71107a616c4f0f941f04c322d8e254fe26b3c6668db87aae413de8;
          // keccak256("CancelAuthorization(address authorizer,bytes32 nonce)")
          bytes32 public constant CANCEL_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH =
              0x158b0a9edf7a828aad02f63cd515c68ef2f50ba807396f6d12842833a1597429;
          /**
           * @dev authorizer address => nonce => bool (true if nonce is used)
           */
          mapping(address => mapping(bytes32 => uint256)) private _authorizationStates;
          event AuthorizationUsed(address indexed authorizer, bytes32 indexed nonce);
          event AuthorizationCanceled(
              address indexed authorizer,
              bytes32 indexed nonce
          );
          /**
           * @notice Returns the state of an authorization
           * @dev Nonces are randomly generated 32-byte data unique to the
           * authorizer's address
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           * @return True if the nonce is used
           */
          function authorizationState(address authorizer, bytes32 nonce)
              external
              view
              returns (bool)
          {
              return _authorizationStates[authorizer][nonce] == 1;
          }
          /**
           * @notice Execute a transfer with a signed authorization
           * @param from          Payer's address (Authorizer)
           * @param to            Payee's address
           * @param value         Amount to be transferred
           * @param validAfter    The time after which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param validBefore   The time before which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param nonce         Unique nonce
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function _transferWithAuthorization(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 validAfter,
              uint256 validBefore,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal {
              _requireValidAuthorization(from, nonce, validAfter, validBefore);
              bytes memory data = abi.encode(
                  TRANSFER_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH,
                  from,
                  to,
                  value,
                  validAfter,
                  validBefore,
                  nonce
              );
              require(
                  EIP712.recover(_domainSeparatorV4(), v, r, s, data) == from,
                  "EIP3009: invalid signature"
              );
              _markAuthorizationAsUsed(from, nonce);
              _transfer(from, to, value);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Receive a transfer with a signed authorization from the payer
           * @dev This has an additional check to ensure that the payee's address
           * matches the caller of this function to prevent front-running attacks.
           * @param from          Payer's address (Authorizer)
           * @param to            Payee's address
           * @param value         Amount to be transferred
           * @param validAfter    The time after which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param validBefore   The time before which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param nonce         Unique nonce
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function _receiveWithAuthorization(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 validAfter,
              uint256 validBefore,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal {
              require(to == msg.sender, "EIP3009: caller must be the payee");
              _requireValidAuthorization(from, nonce, validAfter, validBefore);
              bytes memory data = abi.encode(
                  RECEIVE_WITH_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH,
                  from,
                  to,
                  value,
                  validAfter,
                  validBefore,
                  nonce
              );
              require(
                  EIP712.recover(_domainSeparatorV4(), v, r, s, data) == from,
                  "EIP3009: invalid signature"
              );
              _markAuthorizationAsUsed(from, nonce);
              _transfer(from, to, value);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Attempt to cancel an authorization
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           * @param v             v of the signature
           * @param r             r of the signature
           * @param s             s of the signature
           */
          function _cancelAuthorization(
              address authorizer,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal {
              _requireUnusedAuthorization(authorizer, nonce);
              bytes memory data = abi.encode(
                  CANCEL_AUTHORIZATION_TYPEHASH,
                  authorizer,
                  nonce
              );
              require(
                  EIP712.recover(_domainSeparatorV4(), v, r, s, data) == authorizer,
                  "EIP3009: invalid signature"
              );
              _authorizationStates[authorizer][nonce] = 1;
              emit AuthorizationCanceled(authorizer, nonce);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Check that an authorization is unused
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           */
          function _requireUnusedAuthorization(address authorizer, bytes32 nonce)
              private
              view
          {
              require(
                  _authorizationStates[authorizer][nonce] == 0,
                  "EIP3009: authorization is used or canceled"
              );
          }
          /**
           * @notice Check that authorization is valid
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           * @param validAfter    The time after which this is valid (unix time)
           * @param validBefore   The time before which this is valid (unix time)
           */
          function _requireValidAuthorization(
              address authorizer,
              bytes32 nonce,
              uint256 validAfter,
              uint256 validBefore
          ) private view {
              require(
                  block.timestamp > validAfter,
                  "EIP3009: authorization is not yet valid"
              );
              require(
                  block.timestamp < validBefore,
                  "EIP3009: authorization is expired"
              );
              _requireUnusedAuthorization(authorizer, nonce);
          }
          /**
           * @notice Mark an authorization as used
           * @param authorizer    Authorizer's address
           * @param nonce         Nonce of the authorization
           */
          function _markAuthorizationAsUsed(address authorizer, bytes32 nonce)
              private
          {
              _authorizationStates[authorizer][nonce] = 1;
              emit AuthorizationUsed(authorizer, nonce);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }
      /**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./AbstractFiatTokenV1.sol";
      import "./EIP712Domain.sol";
      import "../util/EIP712.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v2/EIP2612.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Make domain separator dynamic by adding function: domainSeparatorV4
       * 3. Add gap
       * 4. Change now to block.timestamp
       */
      /**
       * @title EIP-2612
       * @notice Provide internal implementation for gas-abstracted approvals
       */
      abstract contract EIP2612 is AbstractFiatTokenV1, EIP712Domain {
          // keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)")
          bytes32 public constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
              0x6e71edae12b1b97f4d1f60370fef10105fa2faae0126114a169c64845d6126c9;
          mapping(address => uint256) private _permitNonces;
          /**
           * @notice Nonces for permit
           * @param owner Token owner's address (Authorizer)
           * @return Next nonce
           */
          function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256) {
              return _permitNonces[owner];
          }
          /**
           * @notice Verify a signed approval permit and execute if valid
           * @param owner     Token owner's address (Authorizer)
           * @param spender   Spender's address
           * @param value     Amount of allowance
           * @param deadline  The time at which this expires (unix time)
           * @param v         v of the signature
           * @param r         r of the signature
           * @param s         s of the signature
           */
          function _permit(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 value,
              uint256 deadline,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal {
              require(deadline >= block.timestamp, "EIP2612: permit is expired");
              bytes memory data = abi.encode(
                  PERMIT_TYPEHASH,
                  owner,
                  spender,
                  value,
                  _permitNonces[owner]++,
                  deadline
              );
              require(
                  EIP712.recover(_domainSeparatorV4(), v, r, s, data) == owner,
                  "EIP2612: invalid signature"
              );
              _approve(owner, spender, value);
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }
      // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./draft-IERC1822.sol";
      import "./ERC1967Upgrade.sol";
      /**
       * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
       * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
       *
       * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
       * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
       * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
       *
       * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
       *
       * _Available since v4.1._
       */
      abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is IERC1822Proxiable, ERC1967Upgrade {
          /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable state-variable-assignment
          address private immutable __self = address(this);
          /**
           * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
           * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
           * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
           * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
           * fail.
           */
          modifier onlyProxy() {
              require(
                  address(this) != __self,
                  "Function must be called through delegatecall"
              );
              require(
                  _getImplementation() == __self,
                  "Function must be called through active proxy"
              );
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
           * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
           */
          modifier notDelegated() {
              require(
                  address(this) == __self,
                  "UUPSUpgradeable: must not be called through delegatecall"
              );
              _;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
           * implementation. It is used to validate that the this implementation remains valid after an upgrade.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
           * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
           * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
           */
          function proxiableUUID()
              external
              view
              virtual
              override
              notDelegated
              returns (bytes32)
          {
              return _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`.
           *
           * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) external virtual onlyProxy {
              _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
              _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, new bytes(0), false);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
           * encoded in `data`.
           *
           * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data)
              external
              payable
              virtual
              onlyProxy
          {
              _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
              _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data, true);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
           * {upgradeTo} and {upgradeToAndCall}.
           *
           * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
           *
           * ```solidity
           * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override onlyOwner {}
           * ```
           */
          function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;
          uint256[50] private _gap;
      }
      /**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2016-2019 zOS Global Limited
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/util/ECRecover.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       */
      /**
       * @title ECRecover
       * @notice A library that provides a safe ECDSA recovery function
       */
      library ECRecover {
          /**
           * @notice Recover signer's address from a signed message
           * @dev Adapted from: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/65e4ffde586ec89af3b7e9140bdc9235d1254853/contracts/cryptography/ECDSA.sol
           * Modifications: Accept v, r, and s as separate arguments
           * @param digest    Keccak-256 hash digest of the signed message
           * @param v         v of the signature
           * @param r         r of the signature
           * @param s         s of the signature
           * @return Signer address
           */
          function recover(
              bytes32 digest,
              uint8 v,
              bytes32 r,
              bytes32 s
          ) internal pure returns (address) {
              // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
              // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
              // the valid range for s in (281): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (282): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
              // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
              //
              // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
              // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
              // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
              // these malleable signatures as well.
              if (
                  uint256(s) >
                  0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0
              ) {
                  revert("ECRecover: invalid signature 's' value");
              }
              if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
                  revert("ECRecover: invalid signature 'v' value");
              }
              // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
              address signer = ecrecover(digest, v, r, s);
              require(signer != address(0), "ECRecover: invalid signature");
              return signer;
          }
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.0 (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       */
      /**
       * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
       */
      interface IERC20 {
          /**
           * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
           */
          function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
           */
          function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * Emits a {Transfer} event.
           */
          function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
           * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
           * zero by default.
           *
           * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
           */
          function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
          /**
           * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
           * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
           * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
           * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
           * desired value afterwards:
           * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
           *
           * Emits an {Approval} event.
           */
          function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
           * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
           * allowance.
           *
           * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
           *
           * Emits a {Transfer} event.
           */
          function transferFrom(
              address sender,
              address recipient,
              uint256 amount
          ) external returns (bool);
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
           * another (`to`).
           *
           * Note that `value` may be zero.
           */
          event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
           * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
           */
          event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       * Copyright (c) 2022 JPYC
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "../util/IERC20.sol";
      /**
       * @notice base abstract contract to inherit IERC20
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v1/AbstractFiatTokenV1.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Add gap
       * 3. Add functions: _increaseAllowance & _decreaseAllowance
       */
      abstract contract AbstractFiatTokenV1 is IERC20 {
          function _approve(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 value
          ) internal virtual;
          function _transfer(
              address from,
              address to,
              uint256 value
          ) internal virtual;
          function _increaseAllowance(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 increment
          ) internal virtual;
          function _decreaseAllowance(
              address owner,
              address spender,
              uint256 decrement
          ) internal virtual;
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }/**
       * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
       *
       * Copyright (c) 2018-2020 CENTRE SECZ
       *
       * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
       * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
       * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
       * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
       * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
       * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
       *
       * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
       * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
       *
       * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
       * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
       * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
       * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
       * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
       * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
       * SOFTWARE.
       */
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "../util/EIP712.sol";
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/centrehq/centre-tokens/blob/37039f00534d3e5148269adf98bd2d42ea9fcfd7/contracts/v2/EIP712Domain.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       * 2. Add 4 new state variables: DOMAIN_SEPARATOR, CHAIN_ID, NAME, VERSION
       * 3. Add new function _domainSeparatorV4
       * 4. Add gap
       */
      /**
       * @title EIP712 Domain
       */
      contract EIP712Domain {
          /**
           * @dev EIP712 Domain Separator
           */
          bytes32 internal DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
          uint256 internal CHAIN_ID;
          string internal NAME;
          string internal VERSION;
          /**
          * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
          */
          function _domainSeparatorV4() public view returns (bytes32) {
              if(block.chainid == CHAIN_ID) {
                  return DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
              } else {
                  return EIP712.makeDomainSeparator(NAME, VERSION);
              }
          }
          uint256[50] private __gap;
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.x.0 (proxy/ERC1822/IProxiable.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
       * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
       */
      interface IERC1822Proxiable {
          /**
           * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
           * address.
           *
           * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
           * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
           * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
           */
          function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Upgrade.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      import "./draft-IERC1822.sol";
      import "../util/Address.sol";
      import "../util/StorageSlot.sol";
      /**
       * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
       * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
       *
       * _Available since v4.1._
       *
       * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow delegatecall
       */
      abstract contract ERC1967Upgrade {
          // This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.rollback" subtracted by 1
          bytes32 private constant _ROLLBACK_SLOT = 0x4910fdfa16fed3260ed0e7147f7cc6da11a60208b5b9406d12a635614ffd9143;
          /**
           * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
           * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1, and is
           * validated in the constructor.
           */
          bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
          /**
           * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
           */
          event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);
          /**
           * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
           */
          function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
              return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
           */
          function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
              require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
              StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeTo(address newImplementation) internal {
              _setImplementation(newImplementation);
              emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with additional setup call.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeToAndCall(
              address newImplementation,
              bytes memory data,
              bool forceCall
          ) internal {
              _upgradeTo(newImplementation);
              if (data.length > 0 || forceCall) {
                  Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Perform implementation upgrade with security checks for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
           *
           * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
           */
          function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(
              address newImplementation,
              bytes memory data,
              bool forceCall
          ) internal {
              // Upgrades from old implementations will perform a rollback test. This test requires the new
              // implementation to upgrade back to the old, non-ERC1822 compliant, implementation. Removing
              // this special case will break upgrade paths from old UUPS implementation to new ones.
              if (StorageSlot.getBooleanSlot(_ROLLBACK_SLOT).value) {
                  _setImplementation(newImplementation);
              } else {
                  try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
                      require(slot == _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT, "ERC1967Upgrade: unsupported proxiableUUID");
                  } catch {
                      revert("ERC1967Upgrade: new implementation is not UUPS");
                  }
                  _upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data, forceCall);
              }
          }
       
          uint256[50] private _gap;
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.0 (utils/Address.sol)
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
       */
      library Address {
          /**
           * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
           * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/utils/Context.sol
           * Modifications:
           * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
           *
           * [IMPORTANT]
           * ====
           * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
           * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
           *
           * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
           * types of addresses:
           *
           *  - an externally-owned account
           *  - a contract in construction
           *  - an address where a contract will be created
           *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
           * ====
           */
          function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
              // This method relies on extcodesize, which returns 0 for contracts in
              // construction, since the code is only stored at the end of the
              // constructor execution.
              uint256 size;
              assembly {
                  size := extcodesize(account)
              }
              return size > 0;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
           * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
           *
           * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
           * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
           * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
           * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
           *
           * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
           *
           * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
           * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
           * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
           * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
           */
          function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
              require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
              (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
              require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
           * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
           * function instead.
           *
           * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
           * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
           *
           * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
           * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - `target` must be a contract.
           * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCall(target, data, "Address: low-level call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
           * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
           *
           * Requirements:
           *
           * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
           * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
           * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
           *
           * _Available since v3.1._
           */
          function functionCallWithValue(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              uint256 value,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
              require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a static call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.3._
           */
          function functionStaticCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: static call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
          }
          /**
           * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
           * but performing a delegate call.
           *
           * _Available since v3.4._
           */
          function functionDelegateCall(
              address target,
              bytes memory data,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
              require(isContract(target), "Address: delegate call to non-contract");
              (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
              return verifyCallResult(success, returndata, errorMessage);
          }
          /**
           * @dev Tool to verifies that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
           * revert reason using the provided one.
           *
           * _Available since v4.3._
           */
          function verifyCallResult(
              bool success,
              bytes memory returndata,
              string memory errorMessage
          ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
              if (success) {
                  return returndata;
              } else {
                  // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
                  if (returndata.length > 0) {
                      // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                      assembly {
                          let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                          revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                      }
                  } else {
                      revert(errorMessage);
                  }
              }
          }
      }// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
      pragma solidity 0.8.11;
      /**
       * @dev Forked from https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/4961a51cc736c7d4aa9bd2e11e4cbbaff73efee9/contracts/utils/StorageSlot.sol
       * Modifications:
       * 1. Change solidity version to 0.8.11
       */
      /**
       * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
       *
       * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
       * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
       *
       * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
       *
       * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
       * ```
       * contract ERC1967 {
       *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
       *
       *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
       *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
       *     }
       *
       *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
       *         require(Address.isContract(newImplementation), "ERC1967: new implementation is not a contract");
       *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
       *     }
       * }
       * ```
       *
       * _Available since v4.1 for `address`, `bool`, `bytes32`, and `uint256`._
       */
      library StorageSlot {
          struct AddressSlot {
              address value;
          }
          struct BooleanSlot {
              bool value;
          }
          struct Bytes32Slot {
              bytes32 value;
          }
          struct Uint256Slot {
              uint256 value;
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (AddressSlot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (BooleanSlot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (Bytes32Slot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
          /**
           * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
           */
          function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot)
              internal
              pure
              returns (Uint256Slot storage r)
          {
              assembly {
                  r.slot := slot
              }
          }
      }